Hi Andreas,
Thank you for reporting this issue and for providing the upstream references.
As you noted, this was fixed upstream in moby/moby PR #49520 ("Fix network
inspect IPv6 gateway address format"), which was included starting in
Docker Engine v28.0.1.
In Debian unstable (sid), docker.io was upgraded to the 28.x series in
version 28.5.2+dfsg1-1, where the fix is present (engine/daemon/network.go
now reports the IP address without the CIDR prefix).
I am therefore closing this bug with version 28.5.2+dfsg1-1.
(Regarding Debian 13 / Trixie where docker.io 26.1.5 is packaged, we are
evaluating the backport of PR #49520 for a future point release update.)
Thanks,
Reinhard