A pipeline terminated by an ampersand causes the pipeline to be executed asynchronously. Understandably, this means variable assignments may not persist immediately. However, in my environment and others (hence the upstream tag), asynchronous variable assignment is in fact completely broken:
Debian Release: jessie/sid
990 testing http.us.debian.org
500 unstable http.us.debian.org
1 experimental debian.mirror.iweb.ca
--- Package information. ---
Depends (Version) | Installed
===========================-+-============
base-files (>= 2.1.12) | 7.2
debianutils (>= 2.15) | 4.4
Recommends (Version) | Installed
===================================-+-================
bash-completion (>= 20060301-0) | 1:2.1-2
Suggests (Version) | Installed
=======================-+-===========
bash-doc |